BERKELEY Inspire

Yaghi was cited — alongside Richard Robson and Susumu Kitagawa — for creating “molecular constructions with large spaces through which gases and other chemicals can flow. These constructions, metal-organic frameworks, can be used to harvest water from desert air, capture carbon dioxide, store toxic gases or catalyze chemical reactions.”

An emeritus professor of physics at Berkeley, Clarke’s award recognizes his work on quantum tunneling, one of many strange aspects of quantum mechanics. Clarke shared the prize with Michel H. Devoret and John M. Martinis, who at the time of their prize-winning research were at UC Berkeley.

Card shared his prize for work that challenged orthodoxy and dramatically shifted understanding of inequality and the social and economic forces that impact low-wage workers.

Lee designed experiments that sent streams of intensely packed molecules into each other at supersonic speeds, contributing to today’s powerful lasers.

Chamberlain and Emilio Segrè discovered the anti-proton, signaling a major leap in the study of matter and antimatter.